As shown in Table 1, the LBW men had significantly shorter adult height (P < 0.0001), lower lean mass (P = 0.0008), elevated fasting plasma glucose levels (P = 0.01) and evidence of insulin resistance (P = 0.04) as measured by the homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), predominantly reflecting insulin action in the liver, compared with NBW participants. Here, INS is linked to Insulin resistance.