TGFBR2 and non-small cell lung carcinoma: To conclude, the current study serves as evidence supporting that lncRNA MBNL1-AS1 restoration could decelerate the occurrence and progression of NSCLC, thereby highlighting the functionality of lncRNA MBNL1-AS1 restoration as a sponge of miR-301b-3p to suppress the proliferation, invasion, drug resistance, and sphere formation of CSC cells in NSCLC via upregulation of TGFBR2 (Fig. 9).