We found that the level of this infection-induced and macrophage-specific expression of cxcl11aa is high enough to be detectable in total RNA samples from whole larvae and that cxcl11aa induction did not require the bacterial locus RD1 (Region of Difference 1), a pathogenicity locus encompassing the secretion system of ESAT-6 (Early Secreted Antigenic Target 6 kDa), which is associated with mycobacterial virulence and formation of tubercular granulomas (Figure 6B) (65). The gene discussed is PDE6B; the disease is infection.