Furthermore, promoter analysis of the same MIRLET7D targets by chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP; Fig. 2c) showed decreased levels of various subunits of the RNA exosome complex (EXOSC10, EXOSC5, and EXOSC1), the heterochromatin mark H3K27me3 (trimethylated Lys-27 of histone 3), and the enzyme mediating this histone modification (EZH2), whereas the levels of transcription initiating S5 phosphorylated RNA polymerase II (POLII) increased in IPF, compared with Ctrl fibroblasts. The gene discussed is EXOSC10; the disease is idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.