ANGPT2 and diabetic retinopathy: Finally, direct binding of Ang2 with integrin has also been observed in astrocytes, where Ang2 directly interacted with αvβ5 integrin, leading to GSK-3β/β-catenin-induced astrocyte apoptosis and increased vascular leakage in early streptozotocin-induced diabetic retinopathy [101].