TNF and brain ischemia: For example, published reports have showed that emodin cannot only significantly reduce the expression of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) protein and IL-1β protein in cerebral ischemic tissue and reduce the inflammatory response [21], but also enhance the activity of CAT in the brain of mice with cerebral ischemia-reperfusion, promote the decomposition of hydrogen peroxide, and reduce the generation of oxygen free radicals.