For instance, altered levels of ENO-1 has been demonstrated in Alzheimer’s disease (Castegna et al., 2002; Butterfield and Lange, 2009; Owen et al., 2009), rheumatoid arthritis (Kinloch et al., 2005; Montes et al., 2011), systemic sclerosis (Terrier et al., 2010; Mehra et al., 2013), type 2 diabetes (Li et al., 2013, 2015), systemic lupus erythematosus (Hawro et al., 2015; Li et al., 2018), hepatic fibrosis (Peng et al., 2013; Zhang et al., 2013), and fungal and bacterial infections (Bergmann et al., 2013; Funk et al., 2016; Ji et al., 2016). This evidence concerns the gene ENO1 and bacterial infectious disease.