Biomarkers, quantified by RT-PCR, consisted of CD74 ratio of D3/D1 (> 1.238 = increased incidence of HAI), CX3CR1 measured at D3 (> 0.253 = increased incidence of mortality at D28), IL10 measured at D3 (> 0.039 = increased incidence of HAI), and IL1b measured at D3 (increase at D2–D4 = increase incidence of HAI in pediatric patients). Here, IL1B is linked to nosocomial infection.