Interestingly, a role of IL1β in regulating physiological synaptic processes has been previously proposed, with studies demonstrating hippocampal enrichment of IL-1 receptors, enhancement of IL1β production after LTP and cognitive deficits induced by IL-1 receptor knockout or IL-1 receptor antagonist administration to otherwise healthy mice [21, 60–62]. The gene discussed is IL1B; the disease is Cognitive impairment.