KEAP1 and malignant glioma: For example, the hypermethylation of CpG islands within the KEAP1 promoter region (see Figure 3(c)) has been reported to induce chemoresistance in malignant glioma [166] and breast [167], prostate [168], colorectal [169], thyroid [160] renal [170], and lung cancers [171–173], due to a marked decrease in the KEAP1 mRNA levels and an augmented expression of NRF2 target genes.