Unlike >90% of pancreatic tumours and cell lines that have activating mutations in KRAS8,30, PL18 has a wild-type KRAS allele, but retained potent sensitivity to downstream MEK (mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase) pathway inhibitors trametinib and PD0325901 (Fig. 5e and Supplementary Fig. 4b). This evidence concerns the gene MAP2K7 and pancreatic neoplasm.