The univariate and multivariate COX regression analyses for both the learning and validation datasets revealed that the macrophage-related gene signature retained prognostic significance for glioma patients when adjusted for both clinicopathologic risk factors (age, gender, grade) and other existing gene signatures (EGFR gene signature, Cheng et al. signature and IGF1/IGF1R pathways signature) (Table 1). The gene discussed is IGF1; the disease is glioma.