However, it has been shown that pDCs activated by the TLR7 ligand IMQ or the TLR9 ligand CpG were capable of initiating effective antitumor immunity through the activation of NK cells, mDCs, and CD8+ T cells in a mouse melanoma model, as well as in melanoma patients [7, 8, 20–22]. This evidence concerns the gene TLR9 and melanoma.