INS and diabetes mellitus: It has been established that inhibition of Kv channels boosts insulin secretion via prolongation of action potential [152,186], but there is also evidence suggesting that endogenous or exogenous enhancement of cAMP profoundly inhibits Kv channels, which in turn prolongs action potential and increases [Ca+2]int, suggesting that targeting the cAMP/Kv channel pathway may be a therapeutic strategy for diabetes treatments [194].