DEG lists used for GSEA include: DEGs that are upregulated in sort-purified SLE patient-derived T-bethi DN2 cells (CD19hiIgDnegCD27negCXCR5negIgG+) compared to other SLE patient-derived mature B cell subsets (d, Jenks et al., 2018); DEGs that are upregulated in human plasma cells (ASCs) relative to: BN cells (e, Abbas et al., 2005), total B cells (f, Tarte et al., 2003) or switched memory (BSW) B cells (g, Abbas et al., 2005); and IRF4-dependent upregulated target genes in ASCs (h, Shaffer et al., 2008). The gene discussed is IRF4; the disease is systemic lupus erythematosus.