TNF and cervical cancer: Our analysis revealed elevated levels of several biomarkers, including proinflammatory cytokines (IL-6, TNFα), apoptosis-related proteins (sFas, sFasL, TRAIL), hormones (leptin, prolactin), growth and angiogenesis factors (HGF, SCF, VEGF), cytokeratins (CYFRA 21-1), and others (AFP, OPN), only in cervical cancer patients, but not in other patient groups.