However, nominally significant positive associations with CRC risk (Supplementary Data 12) included insulin resistance, comprising raised fasting insulin, glucose and HbA1c (positive), hyperlipidaemia, comprising raised total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and ulcerative colitis, all of which are traits or diseases previously reported in observational epidemiological studies to be associated with CRC risk40,41. The gene discussed is INS; the disease is Insulin resistance.