Interestingly, there is no LSCC formation in Jnk1d/dJnk2−/− mice, which only has adenoma/adenocarcinoma development (33.3%) (Supplementary Fig. 6g and Supplementary Data 1), concluding that the JNK1/2 pathway regulates LSCC development under a Lkb1-deficient background. Here, MAPK8 is linked to adenoma.