Likewise, PDC-E2166–181/IAg7-NPs (PBC-relevant) and both mFTCD58–72/IAg7-NPs and CYPD398–412/IAg7-NPs (AIH-relevant) triggered cognate TR1 cell expansion (Fig. 8d and Supplementary Fig. 6a,, b) and significant reductions in ALT levels, hepatocyte necrosis, liver inflammation, and liver fibrosis in Ad-hFTCD-infected NOD mice (Fig. 8e, f). Here, PDC is linked to Hepatic fibrosis.