Treatment of 15-week-old NOD.c3c4 mice with PDC-E2166–181/IAg7-NP (twice a week i.v.)triggered the expansion of the PDC-E2166–181/IAg7 (but not PDC-E282–96/IAg7) tetramer+ T-cell pool in peripheral blood (Fig. 1b), spleen, liver, portal/celiac (liver-draining) lymph nodes, and bone marrow, as compared to control NP-treated NOD.c3c4 littermates (having PBC) or untreated NOD mice (not having PBC) (Fig. 1c, d). Here, PDC is linked to primary biliary cholangitis.