Pasutto et al. observed that mutations in STRA6 lead to a variety of malformations, including lung hypoplasia, alveolar capillary dysplasia, diaphragmatic hernia, and congenital heart defects (Pasutto et al., 2007).We speculate that a key factor regulating STRA6 gene expression in the retinoid signaling pathway causes pulmonary dysplasia in CDH. This evidence concerns the gene STRA6 and congenital diaphragmatic hernia.