Nonetheless, an increase in proinflammatory cytokines, for instance, IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-8, IL-17, and TNF-a in tear fluid15,17,18, and salivary MIP-1a (CCL3), IL-8 (CXCL8), IP-10 (CXCL10), and TNF-a13,14 in pSS patients, compared to that of non-SS subjects, was also observed in these instances. This evidence concerns the gene IL4 and synovial sarcoma.