Two of the well-known hallmarks of AD are the formation of ß-amyloid plaques in the extracellular space and the accumulation of hyperphosphorylated tau in the form of neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs) in the neuron cytoplasm, but the exact significance of these two features in the pathogenesis is still unclear [191,192]. This evidence concerns the gene MAPT and Alzheimer disease.