LEP and type 2 diabetes mellitus: Obesity itself is known to cause a persistent low-grade inflammatory state in metabolic tissues by producing pro-inflammatory mediators, such as leptin, interleukin (IL)-6, and TNF-α, and this condition is termed as “metaflammation”, which predisposes obese individuals to cardiovascular diseases, metabolic diseases, such as type 2 diabetes (T2DM), and chronic inflammatory disorders [10].