TLR9 and neoplasm: A recent study showing that (i) expression of TLR9 and TCR inducible costimulatory receptor (ICOS) ligand (ICOS-L) in plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) infiltrating the GC tumor showed a strong immunosuppressive function and (ii) that the percentage of these cells increased in patients with H. pylori infection, more in the late GC stages than in the early stages and in patients with a lower relapse-free survival [53], support our results.