This increased expression of drosocin and cecropin A1 is associated with a lower activation of the classical immune pathways in the midgut of these flies, such as the immune deficiency (IMD) and Janus kinase-signal transducers and activators of transcription (JAK-STAT) pathway, as well as with lower activities of c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) and epidermal growth factor (EGF) which points towards a better regeneration and maintenance of ISC and an alleviated stress response [81]. Here, EGF is linked to Immunodeficiency.