TNF and van der Woude syndrome: As shown in Table 5, BCG/LPS infection significantly enhanced the protein expression of TNF-α and IL-6, as well as the secretion of NO (P<0.05 or P<0.01), and TTEP administration downregulated these proinflammatory biomarkers in the liver of BCG/LPS-induced mice (P<0.05 or P<0.01).