In Model 1, as a reference for Q1 group, compared with Q4 group, the risk of thyroid nodules decreased (OR = 0.628, 95% CI: 0.501–0.788); after Model 2 corrected FBG, TC, TT3, TT4, and hypertension, the risk of thyroid nodules in Q4 group was still lower than that in Q1 group (OR = 0.644, 95% CI: 0.478–0.866); after further correction of serum IGF-1 by Model 3, the risk of thyroid nodules in Q4 group was still lower than that in Q1 group (OR = 0.662, 95% CI: 0.489–0.896). This evidence concerns the gene IGF1 and thyroid nodule.