CCL2 and diabetes mellitus: As shown in Table 2, where the data were adjusted for other confounding factors including age, sex, diabetes and baseline LVEF, the MCP-1 level upon admission was associated with early changes in LVEF [beta = − 0.089, 95% CI (− 0.163 to − 0.015), p = 0.020], while the MCP-1 level (24 h) was not [beta = − 0.039, 95% CI (− 0.016 to 0.027), p = 0.245].