Additionally, early-life RSV infected males contain significantly more OX-40L+ cells than early-life infected females (Fig. 4a, c), which have been implicated in severe neonatal RSV responses as well as asthma.31,42,43 We also observed that males had significantly more ILC2, which can produce Th2-type cytokines (Fig. 4d, e). The gene discussed is TNFSF4; the disease is asthma.