We developed a single cell-based multiscale spatiotemporal model to simulate vascular tumor growth and the drug response based on the VEGFR signaling pathway, the EGFR signaling pathway and the cell cycle as well as several microenvironmental factors that determine cell fate switches in a temporal and spatial context (Fig. 2; see details in Methods section and Additional file 1: Text S1). This evidence concerns the gene KDR and vascular neoplasm.