PTEN and colorectal cancer: The tumor suppressors PTEN and FOXO3 were upregulated under SMG using a RCCS in DLD1 colorectal cancer cells [20]; on one hand, PTEN inhibited the transformation of PIP2 to PIP3 and inhibited the activation of AKT, whereas on the other hand, upregulation of the CDK inhibitor CDKN2D and CDKN2B induced downregulation of AKT and apoptosis.