ESM1 is preferentially expressed in tumor endothelium [15], and is dramatically overexpressed in many cancers including non-small cell lung cancer [16], colorectal cancer [17], clear cell renal cell carcinoma [18], gastric cancer [19], hepatocellular carcinoma [20], pituitary adenoma [21], ovarian cancer [22], and brain cancers [23]. This evidence concerns the gene ESM1 and cancer.