This evidence was confirmed when comparing IUGR and Controls fetuses of the same sex: CYP19A1 levels were significantly increased only in female fetuses when comparing Abnormal PI IUGR [0.30 ± 0.10] to Normal PI IUGR [0.08 ± 0.05] (p = 0.01, data not shown) and to Controls at Delivery [0.12 ± 0.04] (p = 0.03; Figure 3). The gene discussed is CYP19A1; the disease is fetal growth restriction.