Among women diagnosed 12 to 24 months following blood collection, high RANKL (as well as high progesterone) was associated with a significantly increased risk of developing breast cancer (odds ratio [OR] = 4.76; 95%CI 1.3-22.8); however, they found no association among women diagnosed within 12 months of blood collection (OR = 1.14; 95%CI 0.3-4.5). This evidence concerns the gene TNFSF11 and breast carcinoma.