Taken together, our results suggest that Baishouwu extract maybe contribute to modulation of TGF-β signaling by TLR4-MyD88-NF-κB-dependent pathway in HCC, but the precise molecule mechanism of Baishouwu extract on the crosstalk between TLR4 and TGF-β pathway requires further investigation. The gene discussed is MYD88; the disease is hepatocellular carcinoma.