Notably, the luminal phenotype and sensitivity to endocrine therapy were shown to be restored in otherwise resistant tumors, not only by genetic targeting of the PDGF-C gene in the MMTV-PyMT murine basal-like breast cancer model, but also by treatment with the neutralizing PDGF-CC antibody of patient-derived triple-negative breast tumor xenografts transplanted orthotopically in immunodeficient mice. Here, CXCR1 is linked to breast carcinoma.