HER2-positive DCIS was associated with predictors of local recurrence like larger tumour size, high-nuclear grade, comedo type DCIS, negative-hormone receptor status and high-Ki67 proliferation index, which was consistent with other studies.12,47–51 Local recurrence (invasive or DCIS) was associated with higher-grade, comedo necrosis and margin status. The gene discussed is NR4A1; the disease is ductal breast carcinoma in situ.