CTLA4 and neoplasm: Tumor types with high tumor mutational burden (TMB), generally corresponding to high predicted neoantigen loads (e.g. POLE-mutant [10–12] and mismatch repair deficient/microsatellite-instable tumors; MSI) [13] demonstrate less aggressive disease courses and higher responses to immunotherapies targeting CTLA-4 and PD-1/L1 checkpoints [14–16].