Genomic biomarkers paired with targeted therapies have proved highly efficacious in some cases, such as HER2 amplification and trastuzumab in breast cancer [59], BRAF mutation and combined BRAF and MEK inhibition in melanoma [60,61] and EML4-ALK fusions and crizotinib in lung adenocarcinoma [62]. This evidence concerns the gene BRAF and melanoma.