X-linked Inhibitor of Apoptosis protein (XIAP) over-expression (56, 57) has been reported to correlate with the suppression of apoptosis in many cancer cells (58), and it is the most promising target of Inhibitor of Apoptosis proteins (IAPs) family which is also selectively over-expressed in various cancers including MM (59–62). The gene discussed is XIAP; the disease is Miyoshi myopathy.