CSF2 and melanoma: Upon further examination, we demonstrated that PBMCs treated with HSVGM-CSF secreted type I, II, and III IFNs (Figure 2B) and that blockade of type I IFNα/β abrogated HSVGM-CSF-induced activation of NK cells in terms of CD69 expression (Figure 2Ci), NK cell CD107 degranulation (Figure 2Cii), and cytotoxicity against melanoma cells (Figure 2Ciii).