INS and gestational diabetes: The screening for autoantibodies would probably be more indicated only when GDM is associated with the cluster of clinical features suggestive of a T1D-like form of GDM, for example when two or more parameters such as young age, low body mass index (BMI), early need for insulin therapy, presence of ketones, co-presence of other autoimmune condition (e.g. thyroiditis) are existing at the same time.