Moreover, functional studies showed that the replacement of synthetic pre-miR-15a and -16 in MM cells resulted in inhibition of pro-survival factors, such as AKT, MAPK, ribosomal-protein-S6, and NF-kB, leading to reduced MM cell proliferation and growth shown both in vitro and in vivo. Here, NFKB1 is linked to Miyoshi myopathy.