EGFR and infection: For HNSCC, amplification of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and the protein level of its ligand, transforming growth factor alpha (TGFα), expression levels of the anti-apoptotic Bcl2, cyclin D1 and cadherin-1 (CDH1) as well as infection with human papilloma virus (HPV) are described as strong prognosticator for patient survival [7].