In type 1 diabetes, robust associations with variants at INS-IGF2 have been localised to the INS-VNTR mini-satellite within the INS gene promoter [38, 39]; in Europeans, an association between VNTR class III alleles and type 2 diabetes predisposition has been reported in historical candidate gene studies [40, 41]. This evidence concerns the gene IGF2 and type 2 diabetes mellitus.