Next, we used the NPM1mut signature from Verhaak and colleagues19, comprising a total of 18 genes, which can discriminate between NPM1mut and NPM1 wildtype (NPM1wt) AML, for hierarchical clustering of paired diagnosis and relapse samples from 5 NPM1mut loss and 5 NPM1mut persistent pts. Here, NPM1 is linked to acute myeloid leukemia.