In addition, studies on the pathogenesis of hepatocellular carcinoma have suggested a role for the involvement of MNRR1 in the process of carcinogenesis, mediated through the interaction of cyclic adenosine monophosphate response element-binding protein (CREB) with the MNRR1 promoter, leading to an increased level of its expression [12]. This evidence concerns the gene CREB1 and hepatocellular carcinoma.