Among the control group (14 NF, 4 cutaneous scar, 10 GIST, 3 leiomyoma, 5 neurofibroma, 5 synovial sarcoma and 5 DFSP), 6 (42.9%) NF samples were weakly positive for nuclear TFE3 (1+) immunoreactivity, and the rates of nuclear TFE3 positivity in cutaneous scars and GIST were 25 and 40%, respectively. Here, TFE3 is linked to plexiform neurofibroma.