To explore the relevance of γ-carboxylation in breast cancer, we first analyzed datasets from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and found that approximately 25% of 1098 invasive breast cancers exhibit amplification or up-regulation of GGCX, VKORC1, and/or VKORC1L1 (Figure 1A). Here, VKORC1L1 is linked to invasive breast carcinoma.