Upon them, it has been reported that the intravenous infusion of allogeneic bone marrow and umbilical cord-derived MSC in a small group of refractory RA patients resistant to the anti-TNF monoclonal antibody therapy, led to a reduced erythrocyte sedimentation rate, improvement on DAS28 clinical score and diminished on the serum anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide (anti-CCP) antibody level, indicating the efficacy of MSC treatment. Here, TNF is linked to rheumatoid arthritis.